Tsunami (Japanese: tsu = port, nami = wave, which literally means "big waves in the harbor") is the transfer of bodies of water caused by changes in sea surface vertically with a sudden. Changes in sea levelcould be be caused by an earthquake centered under the sea ,underwater volcanic eruptions ,underwater landslides ,or or a meteor hit the ocean . Tsunami waves can propagate in all directions. Power contained in the tsunami wave height is fixed to the function and kelajuannya. In the deep ocean, tsunami waves can propagate with the speed of 500-1000 km per hour. Equivalent to the speed of aircraft. Deep-sea wave height is only about 1 meter. Thus, the wave speed is not felt by the ship which was in the middle of the sea. When approaching the coast, the tsunami wave velocity decreases to about 30 km per hour, but its height was increased to reach tens of meters. Tsunami waves can go blow up to tens of kilometers from the beach. Damage and casualties that occur because of the Tsunami can be caused by a blow of water and materials carried by the flow of tsunami waves.
The negative impact caused by tsunamis are destroying everything in its path. Buildings, plants, and resulted in human casualties and causing inundation, salt water contamination of agricultural land, soil, and clean water. The Greek historian Thucydides was the first name that links the tsunami by an earthquake under the sea. But until the 20th century, knowledge about the cause of the tsunami is still very minimal. Research is still underway to understand the causes of tsunamis. The texts of geology, geography, and oceanography in the past called tsunamis as "seismic sea waves".
Some of the meteorological conditions, such as tropical cyclones, storm surges can cause the so-called meteor tsunami wave height several meters above normal sea. When the storm made landfall, the shape can resemble the tsunami, although not a tsunami. Wave could inundate the land. This storm surge had flooded the Burmese (Myanmar) in May 2008. The area around the Pacific Ocean has the Pacific Tsunami Warning Centre (PTWC) issued a warning that if there is threat of a tsunami on this region. The area around the Indian Ocean are building Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System (IOTWS), which will be based in Indonesia. Historical evidence suggests that megatsunami is possible, which caused some islands to sink
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